An ecosystem is an interconnected system composed of multiple elements that interact with and depend on one another. It is regarded as both a unified and a complex system because its various subsystems are in constant interaction, influencing and being influenced by one another while also maintaining connections with other ecosystems.

One of the key subsystems of an ecosystem is the water and soil system. Any change occurring within one subsystem inevitably affects water and soil resources, and conversely, changes in water and soil resources influence the functioning of the entire ecosystem. When these changes are managed in a sustainable manner, they contribute to the long-term stability and resilience of the ecosystem.

However, if changes occur without considering the complex interrelationships among ecosystem components, they can disrupt ecological balance and ultimately lead to an unsustainable system.